A narrative review of research advancements in pharmacogenetics of cardiovascular disease and impact on clinical implications.

Pharmacogenetics can enhance cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment by tailoring drug therapy to genetic profiles and minimising trial-and-error approaches. Genetic variability influences responses to common CVD drugs, including antiplatelet drugs (clopidogrel and aspirin), anticoagulants (warfarin), statins, and antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors and β-blockers). Understanding genetic polymorphisms can improve efficacy and safety. Despite this progress, further research is needed to optimise pharmacogenomic applications and advance personalised medicine to improve CVD treatment outcomes.