A Comprehensive Review of the Antithrombotic Potential of Propolis: Insights into the Therapeutic Properties of Bee Glue.

Propolis, a resinous substance produced by bees, has garnered attention for its potential as a natural antithrombotic agent due to its rich composition of bioactive compounds. This review explores the therapeutic effects of propolis, specifically focusing on its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, promote fibrinolysis and regulate hemostatic balance. The study reviews various experimental models and clinical studies that assess the antithrombotic potential of propolis. It was found that propolis exerts significant effects by targeting multiple pathways involved in thrombus formation and clot resolution. Specifically, it inhibits excessive platelet activation, enhances fibrinolysis and maintains hemostatic balance. Additionally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of propolis help reduce oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, both of which are linked to thrombosis. Key findings include the inhibition of platelet aggregation and enhancement of clot breakdown, supporting propolis as a promising natural alternative for thrombotic prevention and management. Propolis demonstrates significant potential as a natural adjunct to conventional antithrombotic therapies. Its multifaceted therapeutic actions, antithrombotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, make it a promising candidate for reducing thrombosis risk. Propolis could become an important addition to current strategies for preventing and managing thrombotic disorders.