South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2026
Prevalence and associated risk factors of uterine fibroids in the Kingdom of Eswatini.
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Ginindza Vuyisile J, Nyirenda Makandwe, Ogunsakin Ropo E, Ginindza Themba G
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The global burden of uterine fibroids (UFs) has increased from 4.5% to 68.6%, but insufficient data in sub-Saharan Africa limit the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of symptomatic UFs in Eswatini.
METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study used purposive sampling to enrol 645 women aged 25-64 years old with UFs or symptoms. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews with a standardised questionnaire and analysed with descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of UFs was 67.8% (437/645). A higher prevalence was evident in the age group 50 years and older (81.4%) compared to prevalence (33.3%) in the age group 25-29 years. Notably, high prevalence was among people with diabetes (88.5%), widows (80%), those with a primary level of education (79.1%), the obese (76.3%), Depo-Provera (75.6%) and Hhohho (76.3%) participants. The univariate analysis significant association show that: for (1) ages 30-34 years (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.26-4.35, p 0.007), 35-39 years (OR: 5.08; 95% CI: 2.82-9.36, p 0.001), 40-44 years (OR: 7.77, 95% CI: 4.19-14.9, p 0.001), 45-49 years (OR: 5.50; 95% CI: 2.96-10.5, p 0.001) and 50+ years (OR: 8.80, 95% CI: 4.58-17.6, p 0.001); (2) primary education (OR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.27-4.84, p = 0.009), and secondary education (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.12-3.18, p = 0.017); (3) been pregnant (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.04-2.23, p = 0.029); (4) obesity (OR: 3.39, 95% CI:2.02-5.70, p 0.001); and (5) overweight (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.02-2.89, p = 0.044). After adjustments, age remained significantly associated.
CONCLUSION: Uterine fibroids are highly prevalent and significantly associated with age, underscoring the need for targeted awareness and future research.Contribution: The study provided insights to inform policy and enhance preventive strategies within the sexual reproductive health programs.
METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study used purposive sampling to enrol 645 women aged 25-64 years old with UFs or symptoms. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews with a standardised questionnaire and analysed with descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of UFs was 67.8% (437/645). A higher prevalence was evident in the age group 50 years and older (81.4%) compared to prevalence (33.3%) in the age group 25-29 years. Notably, high prevalence was among people with diabetes (88.5%), widows (80%), those with a primary level of education (79.1%), the obese (76.3%), Depo-Provera (75.6%) and Hhohho (76.3%) participants. The univariate analysis significant association show that: for (1) ages 30-34 years (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.26-4.35, p 0.007), 35-39 years (OR: 5.08; 95% CI: 2.82-9.36, p 0.001), 40-44 years (OR: 7.77, 95% CI: 4.19-14.9, p 0.001), 45-49 years (OR: 5.50; 95% CI: 2.96-10.5, p 0.001) and 50+ years (OR: 8.80, 95% CI: 4.58-17.6, p 0.001); (2) primary education (OR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.27-4.84, p = 0.009), and secondary education (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.12-3.18, p = 0.017); (3) been pregnant (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.04-2.23, p = 0.029); (4) obesity (OR: 3.39, 95% CI:2.02-5.70, p 0.001); and (5) overweight (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.02-2.89, p = 0.044). After adjustments, age remained significantly associated.
CONCLUSION: Uterine fibroids are highly prevalent and significantly associated with age, underscoring the need for targeted awareness and future research.Contribution: The study provided insights to inform policy and enhance preventive strategies within the sexual reproductive health programs.