The Use of Non-pharmacological Herbs in Treating Cough and Respiratory Symptoms in Saudi Arabia: a Multi-center Study.

BACKGROUND

Herbal medicinal products, a subgroup of complementary and alternative therapy (CAM), are widely used for pediatric respiratory symptoms in Saudi Arabia. However, regional variations and safety concerns remain understudied.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines the prevalence and patterns of herbal remedy use for cough and respiratory illness among Saudi children.

METHODS

A multi-center cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted across five Saudi regions (N=475). Data were collected via a validated questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.85) and analyzed using SPSS v25.

RESULTS

The mean age was 3.97 ± 3.60 years. Herbal remedy use was highest in the Western province (37.8%, p <0.001). Sesame oil (19.8%) and olive oil (18.2%) were most common. Family/friends provided 82.8% of advice. Self-rated improvement was "excellent/good" in 59.9%, with 96.6% reporting no adverse effects. Fathers with postgraduate degrees used fewer herbal remedies (p=0.003).

CONCLUSION

Herbal remedy use is prevalent, emphasizing the need for healthcare providers to document usage and educate families. Further research is required to evaluate efficacy and safety.