Portal Vein Thrombosis after Endovascular Embolization of Splenic Artery for a Symptomatic Arterioportal Fistula: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Arterioportal fistula (APF) can induce severe portal hypertension and therefore requires appropriate and timely management. Endovascular treatment is increasingly used for the treatment of APFs due to its minimally invasive nature, although this procedure can lead to potentially fatal portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Reports of this complication are, however, rare. Here, we describe the case of a 65-year-old woman who experienced an extensive thrombosis from the splenic vein to the right portal vein after embolization of a splenic APF, leading to the requirement for intensive care unit care and a prolonged hospital stay. In addition, the literature was reviewed to describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of PVT after embolization of APF.