Metal-organic framework modified carbon nanotubes for hydrogen production from formic acid with carbon dioxide capture and conversion.

The increasing demand for sustainable energy and the need to reduce carbon emissions have driven research into advanced materials for hydrogen production and CO₂ capture. This study presents a novel copper-based metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) integrated with Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a photocatalyst for hydrogen (H₂) generation and carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture. The composite's structural, thermal, and morphological properties were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM/EDS. Photocatalytic performance was evaluated using formic acid, yielding 11 mmol/g of gas with 75% H₂ purity, confirmed by gas chromatography. Post-reaction analysis revealed CO₂ capture and reversible photoelectrocatalytic behavior. The composite shows promise for scalable, sustainable hydrogen production using recyclable materials.