Effects of the combined application of concentrated growth factors and bone substitutes on the periodontal healing of adjacent teeth after impacted tooth extraction.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effects of concentrated growth factors (CGFs) combined with Bio-Oss bone substitute on the periodontal healing of adjacent teeth following impacted tooth extraction.

METHODS

This single-centre prospective controlled study enrolled 60 patients requiring bilateral impacted mandibular third molar extraction. Patients were randomly allocated to a test group (n = 30; extraction socket filled with CGFs + Bio-Oss and covered with a CGF membrane) or control group (n = 30; natural healing). Primary outcomes included periodontal probing depth (PD) and distal bone height measured by cone beam computed tomography at baseline and 3 and 6 months. Secondary outcomes comprised the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores, swelling assessment and dry socket incidence. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0, with significance set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS

A total of 60 patients were enrolled in this randomised single-blind clinical trial. The test group showed significantly greater PD reduction (2.41 ± 0.89 vs. 1.52 ± 0.73 mm, P < 0.001) and bone height gain (2.87 ± 1.12 vs. 1.63 ± 0.91 mm, P < 0.001) at 6 months than the control group. The VAS pain scores were significantly lower in the test group at days 3 and 7 (P < 0.001). No cases of dry socket occurred in the test group, compared with three cases (11.1%) in the control group. Multivariate analysis revealed that CGFs + Bio-Oss application was the strongest predictor of bone gain ≥ 2 mm (β = 0.412, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Concentrated growth factors combined with Bio-Oss significantly enhance periodontal healing and bone regeneration at adjacent teeth following impacted tooth extraction while reducing postoperative complications. This combined approach represents a promising strategy for clinical practice.