A New Index of Coordinated Posterior and Anterior Evoked EEG to Detect Recall Under Sedation - A Pilot Study.

EEG-based technologies may be limited in identifying recall under sedation (RUS). We developed a novel index, posteriorization/anteriorization (P/A) index, based on auditory evoked EEG signal and assessed whether it could differentiate between patients with or without RUS. Methods: EEG and BIS were sampled from 3 groups: 1. Patients undergoing sedation (n = 26); 2. Awake volunteers (n = 13, positive control for recall) 3. Patients undergoing general anesthesia (GA, n = 12, negative control for recall). In recovery, recall was assessed using the BRICE questionnaire. Of the 26 sedated patients, 12 experienced recall. Both The P/A index and BIS differentiated between patients with recall and no recall. However, BIS differentiation may have been sensitive to the main drug used for sedation (midazolam vs. propofol) and the P/A index did not show similar drug-based sensitivity. Furthermore, only BIS results were correlated with EMG. Conclusion: This pilot study provided support for the association between P/A index and recall after sedation. Further research is needed in integrating the index into clinical use: (1) it should be derived by an easy-to-use EEG system with a better signal-to-noise ratio; (2) its applicability to other drugs must be shown.