Schizophrenia research · 2018
Self-esteem moderates affective and psychotic responses to social stress in psychosis: A virtual reality study.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Jongeneel Alyssa, Pot-Kolder Roos, Counotte Jacqueline, van der Gaag Mark, Veling Wim
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Higher liability to psychosis is associated with low self-esteem and increased sensitivity to social stress. Recently, we reported a positive relation between liability to psychosis and affective and psychotic responses to social stress. This study investigated how self-esteem moderates paranoia, peak subjective distress and stress reactivity of people with different psychosis liability in response to social stressors in virtual reality.
METHODS: Ninety-four individuals with lower (41 siblings and 53 controls) and 75 persons with higher psychosis liability (55 with recent onset psychotic disorder and 20 at ultra-high risk for psychosis) explored five times a virtual café with various social stressors (crowdedness, ethnic minority status, and hostility). They rated momentary paranoia (State Social Paranoia Scale) after each experiment and subjective distress on a visual analogue scale before and after the experiments. Positive and negative self-esteem were assessed with the Self-Esteem Rating Scale.
RESULTS: Momentary paranoia, peak subjective distress, and reactivity to social stressors were associated with negative self-esteem, but not positive self-esteem. Effects of both positive and negative self-esteem on psychotic and affective stress responses, but not stress reactivity, became significantly stronger when individuals were exposed to more stressful environments. Effects of self-esteem on momentary paranoia and peak subjective distress did not differ between the high liability and low liability group. Persons with lower psychosis liability had a stronger effect of negative self-esteem on stress reactivity than persons with higher liability.
CONCLUSIONS: Positive and negative self-esteem may play an important role in affective and psychotic responses to social stress.
METHODS: Ninety-four individuals with lower (41 siblings and 53 controls) and 75 persons with higher psychosis liability (55 with recent onset psychotic disorder and 20 at ultra-high risk for psychosis) explored five times a virtual café with various social stressors (crowdedness, ethnic minority status, and hostility). They rated momentary paranoia (State Social Paranoia Scale) after each experiment and subjective distress on a visual analogue scale before and after the experiments. Positive and negative self-esteem were assessed with the Self-Esteem Rating Scale.
RESULTS: Momentary paranoia, peak subjective distress, and reactivity to social stressors were associated with negative self-esteem, but not positive self-esteem. Effects of both positive and negative self-esteem on psychotic and affective stress responses, but not stress reactivity, became significantly stronger when individuals were exposed to more stressful environments. Effects of self-esteem on momentary paranoia and peak subjective distress did not differ between the high liability and low liability group. Persons with lower psychosis liability had a stronger effect of negative self-esteem on stress reactivity than persons with higher liability.
CONCLUSIONS: Positive and negative self-esteem may play an important role in affective and psychotic responses to social stress.