Extended and unusual indications in jaw reconstruction with the fibula flap: An overview based on our 30-year experience.

Since the introduction of fibula flap as a reconstructive technique, an evolution of indications has been observed. Our first report of a traumatic mandibular reconstruction using fibula flap was in 1992. The vast majority of indications for surgery, are: malignant tumors, benign neoplasms, osteoradionecrosis and traumas. Nevertheless, extended indications have been described such as the treatment of dentoalveolar defect without bone discontinuity or reconstruction of maxilla defect up to type III (A and B), according to Cordeiro's classification. Unusual indications include cleft palate malformations with bone discontinuity less than 6 cm. Moreover, a particular attention should be focus on fibula flap harvest with more innovative technologies than traditional use of monopolar or bipolar and their advantages in pre and postoperative management.