Phthalocyanine-based covalent organic frameworks: bridging molecular design and catalytic performance in CO2 reduction.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a type of porous material composed entirely of organic substances, featuring highly ordered structure, tunable pores, and customizable functions. They perfectly integrate the diversity and variability of organic materials with the characteristics of porous materials, and have shown great application prospects in numerous fields, such as energy, environment, catalysis, sensing, biomedicine. As an emerging high-performance material, the basic research and application exploration of COFs are currently in a stage of vigorous development, and it is also a popular frontier field in interdisciplinary research. Recently, due to the unique properties of the phthalocyanine units, phthalocyanine-based covalent organic framework materials (Pc-COFs) have attracted extensive attention and developed rapidly. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of Pc-COFs materials. Firstly, a detailed analysis was conducted on the design and synthesis techniques of Pc-COFs, summarizing the topological types, building units and linker types of Pc-COFs that have been reported. Then, the latest application progress of Pc-COFs in the field of carbon dioxide reduction was deeply explored, listing the catalytic effects of different configuration Pc-COFs catalysts in electrocatalytic and photocatalytic reactions. Finally, the existing challenges and future development prospects of Pc-COFscatalysts were reviewed and outlined.