Anaphylactic reactions to muscle relaxants under general anesthesia.

Eleven patients who suffered a reaction to the administration of muscle relaxants during induction of general anesthesia were explored using skin tests, leukocyte histamine release, lymphocyte transformation test, and the Prausnitz-Küstner test (P-K). Fifteen normal subjects served as controls. Patients who suffered a reaction showed considerable cutaneous hypersensitivity to muscle relaxants. Leukocyte histamine release was positive in three cases and the P-K test was positive in one case. These findings suggest possible specific serum IgE antibodies to muscle relaxants. However, reliable discrimination between immunological and idiosyncratic pharmacological mechanism is difficult to obtain.