Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire in cardiac function assessment of chronic kidney disease patients: a literature review.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients face an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart failure (HF). The combination of CKD and HF (CKD-HF) presents significant challenges in diagnosis, assessment, and management due to the unique pathophysiological features of this patient population. The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), a patient-reported outcomes measure widely used in clinical trials of HF, shows promise in addressing these challenges. However, the effectiveness and application of KCCQ in CKD patients, especially those with heart failure, have not been fully explored. This article aims to review the current evidence of KCCQ in CKD patients, highlighting its potential value while acknowledging the limitations of current research, and suggesting potential clinical applications that warrant further validation.