[History of aminoquinoline preparations: from cinchona bark to chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinon].

The article presents a review of the historical facts related to the discovery and introduction of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. The history of studying aminoquinoline preparations is associated with the discovery of the antimalarial action of the bark of the quinine tree, the isolation of quinine from other active substances - alkaloids and the determination of their structure. The structural similarity of quinine and one of the first chemically synthesized dyes - methylene blue-was an important factor at the beginning of the synthesis of molecules with antimalarial activity in the 1930s in Germany. Pamaquin (plasmoquin, plasmoсid), quinacrine (quinacrine, Atebrin, Mepacrine), sontoquine (sontochin), chloroquine, primaquine, hydroxychloroquine, and mefloquine (Lariam) were consistently introduced in medical practice. Many of these medications are no longer widely used. However, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have not lost their relevance. The scope of their use has been expanded.