The diagnosis and treatment of neuroleptic-induced Parkinsonism.

Basal ganglia side-effects caused by neuroleptic drugs are frequently ignored, misdiagnosed, or mistreated by the patient or physician. Such side-effects must be anticipated and appropriate management instituted so that patient compliance with the drug regimen is increased and the therapeutic relationship is maintained. Side-effects can be detected in frequent and complete examinations of the head and neck, limbs, and chest and back. The various medications for drug-induced parkinsonism are reviewed, with an emphasis on the indications for selection and the effects of each drug. Common errors in the diagnosis and management of side-effects of neuroleptic drugs are summarized.