Acute kidney injury after hip fracture surgery in patients over 80 years of age.

BACKGROUND

The aim of the study is to determine the rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) after hip fracture surgery over the age of 80 and to investigate the factors associated with AKI.

METHODS

From January 2015 to January 2020, 589 patients who underwent surgery of hip fractures at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Serum creatinine (sCr) was analysed daily pre- and postoperatively during the hospital stay. Patients were divided into groups; AKI and non-AKI based on KDIGO (Kidney Disease Global Outcomes) criteria. The incidence, risk factors, and mortality of postoperative AKI were investigated.

RESULTS

Out of 589 patients, 58 developed an AKI (9.8%). Smoking (p: 0.004), pre and postoperative low albumin level (p < 0.05), pre- and postoperative high potassium level (p < 0.05), pre- and postoperative high urea levels (p < 0.05), high amount of intra-operative bleeding (p: 0.003) and prolonged surgery time (p: 0.003) were found to be risk factors associated with AKI. Although the mortality rate was higher in the AKI group, it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

AKI is a temporary but common complication following hip fracture surgery, which can also be predicted if risk factors are adequately observed. It typically increases the length of hospital stays, mortality and morbidity.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III evidence, Retrospective comparative study.