Forty years of development of salpingitis animal modeling.

This review summarizes and examines research in the area of salpingitis animal modeling in the last 40 years, focusing primarily on Chlamydia trachomatis animal models, which are the most numerous in the literature. Early animal models are examined, followed by a discussion of study parameters and their impact on modeling success, subsequent considerations of fertility measures in modeling, explorations of treatment options, and finally exploring recent directions with a brief discussion of models using other bacterial pathogens.