Novel inflammatory markers predict cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

INTRODUCTION

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and is associated with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Novel inflammatory biomarkers such as the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Response Index (SIIRI) have recently been proposed as potential novel inflammatory biomarkers that may offer a valuable insight into cardiovascular risk prediction.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the association between inflammatory and immune-inflammation indices at admission, and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events 30 days after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in patients with ACS.

METHODS

A prospective cohort design was used to collect data from ACS patients undergoing PCI. Inflammatory biomarkers (SII, SIRI, SIIRI) were calculated based on pre-procedural blood tests, and MACE was assessed at 30 days post PCI. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were utilized to evaluate predictors.

RESULTS

A total of 150 ACS patients were included. 24.7 % experienced MACE during the 30 days after PCI. Patients with MACE were older and had higher neutrophil counts, lower lymphocyte counts, and longer smoking durations. SIRI was significant predictor of MACE (OR=0.96, p=0.03), with ROC analysis confirming its highest predictive value (AUC=0.67, p=0.002). In contrast, SII and SIIRI were not significant predictors.

CONCLUSION

SIRI was an independent predictor for the occurrence of MACE 30 days after PCI. SIRI potentially could be used to identify patients at higher risk of developing MACE post-PCI. Further studies with longer follow-ups and control are recommended.