Complications related to bone augmentation procedures of localized defects in the alveolar ridge. A retrospective clinical study.

PURPOSE: This retrospective clinical study aims to evaluate complications after augmentation of localized bone defects of the alveolar ridge.

METHODS

From standardized registrations, the following complications related to bone augmentation procedures were recorded: soft tissue dehiscence, infection, sensory disturbance, additional augmentation procedures needed, and early implant failure.

RESULTS

A total of 223 patients (132 women, 91 men; mean age 23.5 years; range 17-65 years) with 331 bone defects had bone augmentation performed into which 350 implants were placed. Soft tissue dehiscence occurred in 1.7 % after GBR procedures, 25.9 % after staged horizontal ridge augmentation, and 18.2 % after staged vertical ridge augmentation. Infections were diagnosed in 2 % after GBR procedures, 12.5 % after sinus floor elevation (SFE) (transcrestal technique), 5 % after staged SFE, 11 % after staged horizontal ridge augmentation, and 9 % after staged vertical ridge augmentation. Additional augmentation procedures were needed in 2 % after GBR procedures, 37 % after staged horizontal ridge augmentation, and 9 % after staged vertical ridge augmentation. A total of six early implant failures occurred (1.7 %), four after GBR procedures (1.6 %), and two (12 %) after staged vertical ridge augmentation.

CONCLUSIONS

Predictable methods exist to augment localized defects in the alveolar ridge, as documented by low complication rates and high early implant survival rates.