A nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST3495 isolated from a wild Burmese python (Python bivittatus) with suppurative pneumonia and bacteremia in Hainan, China.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common infectious agent associated with respiratory diseases in boas and pythons, however, the histopathology, resistance and virulence are yet described for this species. In this study, we investigated a dying Burmese python rescued from tropical rainforest in Hainan. Clinical signs were open-mouthed breathing, abnormal shedding and anorexia. Abundant yellow mucopurulent secretions were observed in highly ectatic segmental bronchi by postmortem. Histopathological lesions included systemic pneumonia, enteritis, nephritis and carditis. P. aeruginosa was the only species isolated from heart blood, kidney, trachea and lung. The phenotype analysis demonstrated that the isolates had strong biofilm, and were sensitive to amikacin, spectinomycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and polymyxin B, moreover, the LD50 of the most virulent isolate was 2.22×105 cfu/mL in a zebrafish model. Molecular epidemiological analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to sequence type 3495, the common gene patterns were toxA + exoSYT + phzIM + plcHN in virulence and catB + blaTEM + ant (3'')-I+ tetA in resistance. This study highlights that P. aeruginosa should be worth more attention in wildlife conservation and raise the public awareness for the cross infection and cross spread between animals and human.