Quantification of risperidone and paliperidone by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in biological fluids and solid tissues obtained from two deceased using the standard addition method.

Risperidone (RIS) is an atypical antipsychotic agent and its 9-hydroxylated metabolite named paliperidone (PAL) also has pharmacological properties similar to that of RIS. Quantifications of RIS and PAL in authentic human biological fluids and solid tissues by liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) have not been reported yet although those in plasma (and blood) were reported abundantly. In the present work, a quantification method for RIS and PAL based on the standard addition method was devised and validated for the human fluid and solid tissue specimens. RIS and PAL in biological fluids were quantified only after their dilution and deproteinization. The concentrations of RIS and PAL in the heart whole blood, pericardial fluid, stomach contents, bile, urine, liver, kidney and cerebrum were determined for a deceased who had been treated with RIS therapeutically, and also a deceased who had ingested RIS with other drugs intentionally. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the quantification of RIS and PAL by LC-MS/MS in the authentic human tissues and biological fluids.