Design-oriented modeling of two-phase palm oil nanomaterial flow with application of Cattaneo-Christov model using STG model.

The suggested model has crucial applications in the design and optimization of sophisticated thermal systems that incorporate palm oil-based nanomaterial. It is relevant in cooling technologies, heat exchangers, solar energy systems, lubricating operations, food processing, and bio-based manufacturing, all of which require effective heat transmission and fluid flow. The Cattaneo-Christov heat flow model and surface tension gradient effects are incorporated into the model to provide more accurate thermal transport predictions, allowing for increased energy efficiency, process control, and the development of sustainable thermal management solutions. This study inspects the impacts of Marangoni convection and temperature radiation on a dusty palm oil-based nanomaterial with heat source, thermal conductivity, and viscosity dissipation. To translate PDEs into ODEs, the similarity transformation method is applied. The resultant problem is resolved using a shooting approach based on the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF-45th) method. A graphic representation of how different parameters affect the temperature and velocity profiles is provided. The thermal profiles of the fluid and dust phases rise as the non-uniform heat source parameter values rise.