A comparative time-dependent study of hematology, serum gastrin concentrations, and gastroscopic assessment of meloxicam-induced gastric ulceration in dogs.

BACKGROUND

Diagnosis of gastric ulcers by methods other than gastroscopy in dogs has been problematic for many years and biomarkers such as serum gastrin (SG) concentrations have been introduced as a noninvasive way to evaluate gastric diseases.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the time course changes in hematology, SG concentrations, and gastroscopic images of meloxicam-induced gastric ulceration in dogs and identify a relationship between SG and gastroscopic image analysis in a clinical setting.

ANIMALS: Fifteen crossbreed dogs.

METHODS

Two groups: control (n = 5) and meloxicam-treated (n = 10). The meloxicam-treated group received meloxicam 0.2 mg/kg PO for 15 days. Clinical signs, hematology, SG, and image analysis (PI, pixel intensity; ID, integrated density; RA, relative area; and UI, ulcer index) of the gastroscopic examination were evaluated across time (T5, time 5 day; T10, time 10 day; and T15, time 15 day).

RESULTS

Significant changes were observed among 3 time points and between the 2 groups in terms of SG, hematology, and gastroscopic image analysis. In the meloxicam-treated group, decreases in hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and packed cell volume at T10 and T15 (P = .0001) were observed, whereas SG, ID, and UI increased over time (P < .0001). The PI decreased significantly (P = .0001) in the meloxicam-treated group compared to controls. Significant correlations were found between SG and PI, and ID and ulcer area (r = -0.89, 0.81, 0.64), respectively.

CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL

IMPORTANCE

Gastroscopy is the gold standard for early descriptive diagnosis of gastric ulcerations in dogs, and SG is a good indicator for meloxicam-induced gastric ulcers in dogs and can predict the gastroscopic score of the lesion.