Caudal duplication syndrome: more evidence for theory of caudal twinning.

Caudal duplication syndrome is a rare entity in which structures derived from the embryonic cloaca and notochord are duplicated to various extents. The term encompasses a spectrum and often is quoted as one type of incomplete separation of monovular twins. The authors present more evidence giving credence to caudal twining as the mechanism behind the syndrome. The authors report successful surgical management of a full-term infant with a constellation of anomalies of caudal duplication syndrome.