Strategies to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction associated with metabolic syndrome, where are we?

There is a paucity of aggregated clinical trials on strategies of ameliorating endothelial dysfunction associated with Metabolic Syndrome (MS). We reviewed clinical trials conducted between 2008 and 2017, reporting on strategies of improving endothelial function in patients with MS. A comprehensive search of published articles by the Google Scholar and PubMed were carried out. Only studies involving non-invasive, objective measurement of endothelial function were included. Thirty (30) studies were selected for analysis, in which physical exercise training, diet modification, calcium channel blockers + alpha-lipoic acid, bezafibrate, allopurinol, mesoglycan, and l-arginine supplementation significantly improved Endothelial-Dependent Vasodilation (EDV) in patients with MS but without cardiovascular diseases. Large multicenter clinical trials are required to address the question of generalizability of these findings.