Endocrine changes in male sexual deviants after treatment with anti-androgens, oestrogens or tranquillizers.

The endocrine effects of drugs on two groups of 12 male sexual offenders in a special hospital were studied. In the first study benperidol, chlorpromazine and placebo were compared and in the second ethynyl oestradiol and cyproterone acetate were compared with no treatment. In the first study there was no difference between the three drugs in their effects on plasma testosterone or luteinizing hormone (LH). In the second study cyproterone acetate produced a reduction in plasma testosterone, LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Ethynyl oestradiol produced a rise in plasma testosterone and LH, and no change in FSH. Neither drug changed total plasma oestrogen levels. The unexpected effects of ethynyl oestradiol were attributed to an increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) leading to a rise in bound, inactive testosterone. Direct measurement showed a two- to threefold increase in SHBG with ethynyl oestradiol treatment and no change in SHBG with cyproterone acetate treatment. In spite of these contrasting endocrine effects, ethynyl oestradiol, cyproterone acetate and benperidol produced similar behavioural changes.