Evaluation of reproductive failure of female pigs based on slaughterhouse material and herd record survey.

Reproductive organs were collected from one slaughterhouse and culling data were obtained from Finnish swine herd records to determine the types and frequencies of various fertility disturbances in Finnish female pigs. Detailed information about the type and occurrence of fertility disturbances was obtained through a close examination of the slaughterhouse material. A total of 1708 reproductive organs of female pigs were examined. The following findings were recorded: no macroscopical abnormalities 52.3%, inactive ovaries 25.1%, parovarian cysts 22.9%, single ovarian cysts 3.1%, multiple ovarian cysts 3.1%, uterine disorders 1.4%, ovarian adhesions 1.1%, congenital anomalies 0.8%, tumour-like lesions in ovaries 0.8%, obstruction of oviduct 0.2%, and suppurative ovarian infection 0.1%. A large proportion, 42% of the culled gilts and 39% of the culled sows, were slaughtered because of impaired fertility based on no pregnancy, no heat or poor piglet production. The sows were removed from the herds 33 days on average after weaning.