Parameters influencing the release of tertiary alcohols from the surface of "spherical" dendrimers and "linear" stylomers by neighbouring-group-assisted hydrolysis of 2-carbamoylbenzoates.

The influence of structural and physico-chemical parameters on the release of a volatile tertiary alcohol (2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanol) by neighbouring-group-assisted cyclisation of 2-carbamoylbenzoates at neutral pH was investigated by comparing the covalent-bond cleavage from the surface of linear, comblike poly(propylene imine) "stylomers" and their corresponding spherical, globular dendrimers. Determination of the kinetic rate constants for the stepwise intramolecular cyclisation of the 2-carbamoylbenzoate moiety by using HPLC showed that the polarity of the conjugates, and thus their solubility in the aqueous reaction medium, has a stronger influence on the rates of hydrolysis than the size (generation) or shape (linear or spherical) of the macromolecules. Furthermore, structural modifications in close proximity to the release unit, such as the presence of functionalities with catalytic activity, have a strong impact on the release efficiency of the active molecules. An understanding of the physico-chemical parameters determining the local environment of the covalent-bond cleavage site is therefore an important prerequisite to transfer the characteristics of small molecules to larger structures such as oligomers and polymers and thus to design efficient macromolecular conjugates for the controlled delivery of bioactive compounds.