Polyester fabric-based nano copper-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes sorbent for thin film extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

In this study, in-situ preparation of copper nanoparticles under sonoheating conditions followed by coating on commercial polyester fabric is reported. Through the self-assembly interaction of thiol groups and copper nanoparticles, the modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) was deposited on the fabric's surface. In the next step, radical thiol-ene click reactions were implemented to create more layers of POSSs. Subsequently, the modified fabric was applied for sorptive thin film extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including naproxen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, and mefenamic acid from urine samples, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a UV detector. The morphology of the prepared fabric phase was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, water angle contact, energy dispersive spectrometry mapping, analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The significant extraction parameters, including the acidity of the sample solution, desorption solvent and its volume, extraction time, and desorption time, were investigated using the one-variable-at-a-time approach. Under the optimal condition, NSAIDs' detection limit was 0.3-1 ng mL-1 with a wide linear range of 1-1000 ng mL-1. The recovery values were between 94.0% and 110.0%, with relative standard deviations of less than 6.3%. The prepared fabric phase exhibited acceptable repeatability, stability, and sorption property toward NSAIDs in urine samples.