Abnormal head posture: an ophthalmological approach.

BACKGROUND

An abnormal head posture (AHP) is an important clinical sign; it may be due to non-ocular or ocular causes. The literature on the subject is disperse, however.

OBJECTIVE

To present a comprehensive discussion on the subject.

CLINICAL CONDITIONS: AHP due to an ocular cause can be observed in conditions both not related or related to the extraocular motility. In the latter group, comitant deviations, incomitant deviations, supranuclear palsies, A and V pattern, nystagmus, and central nervous system disorders are included. Facial asymmetry can be a feature of a long-standing congenital or acquired AHP.