Spatial resolution enhancement with line-scan light-field imaging.

This Letter proposes a line-scan-based light-field imaging framework that records lines of a light-field image successively to improve its spatial resolution. In this new, to the best of our knowledge, light-field imaging method, a conventional square or hexagonal microlens array is replaced with a cylindrical one. As such, the spatial resolution along the cylindrical axis remains unaffected, but angular information is recorded in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis. By sequentially capturing multiple rows of light-field images with the aid of a translation device, a high-resolution two-dimensional light-field image can then be constructed. As a proof of concept, a prototype line-scan light-field camera was built and tested with the 1951 USAF resolution chart and the high-precision calibration dot array. Good measurement accuracies in the x, y, and z directions are demonstrated and prove that line-scan light-field imaging can significantly improve spatial resolutions and could be an alternative for fast three-dimensional inspections in the production line.