Nosocomial bacteremia due to Kluyvera cryocrescens: Case report and literature review.

Kluyvera cryocrescens infection has been considered rare; clinical features of K. cryocrescens bacteremia remain unclear because few reports have been published. We report a case of K. cryocrescens bacteremia in an adult male patient and review the literature. Our case was one with nosocomial bacteremia in a patient with interstitial lung disease. The primary infection site was undetermined, although he had an indwelling peripheral intravenous catheter and a urinary catheter. Piperacilin/tazobactam was administered for 2 weeks and the bacteremia resolved. Unfortunately, there was acute exacerbation of the interstitial lung disease, which was fatal. According to our review, including our case, K. cryocrescens bacteremia tends to occur in immunocompromised hosts, and indwelling catheters might be risk factors. Extended spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines are generally adequate agents for empiric therapy based on susceptibilities of K. cryocrescens clinical isolates.