The burden of HPV-associated anogenital cancers.

The epidemiology of anogenital cancers is under going substantial change. Cervical cancer remains a major public health concern, particular in resource-limited settings. Cancers of the anus, penis, vagina and vulva are relatively uncommon cancers, but may be increasing in incidence. The change in occurrence of anogenital cancers may be due to increasing HPV transmission secondary to changes in sexual behaviour. Screening programmes and the HPV vaccine offer optimism that anogenital cancers can be prevented. This article reviews the epidemiology of anogenital cancers with a focus on Scottish data.