Synergistic Effect of Nickel Hydroxide/Hexagonal Boron Nitride Hybrid: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Detecting 5-Fluorouracil in Human Blood Serum.

5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is the third-most often used chemotherapeutic medication and has been scientifically demonstrated to be effective in treating solid tumors, including colorectal, stomach, cutaneous, and breast cancers. When used in excess, it accumulates toxic metabolites, which can have deadly and very harmful effects on people, including neurotoxicity and the induction of morbidity. Therefore, sensitive and rapid analytical techniques for detecting 5-Fu in human blood serum are needed to enhance chemotherapy and forecast the possible adverse effects of 5-Fu residues in the human body. In this report, we developed a simple preparation of three-dimensional/two-dimensional (3D/2D) Nickel hydroxide/hexagonal boron nitride modified with a glassy carbon electrode [Ni(OH)2/h-BN/GCE] for effective electrochemical detection of the 5-fluorouracil with high selectivity. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), and HR-Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) were used to characterize the crystalline, structural, and chemical properties of the as-synthesized materials. Moreover, the cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and i-t curves examined the electrode's electrochemical properties and sensor applications. Therefore, under ideal circumstances, Ni(OH)2/h-BN/GCE demonstrated outstanding 5-Fu selectivity, durability, a low LOD (0.001 μM), and a good linear range (0.02-12 μM). Finally, excellent results were obtained while testing this sensor for 5-Fu sensing in human blood serum.