Dental perspectives on neuropathic origin.

The most common cause of intraoral pain is odontogenic and rarely presents a diagnostic challenge. Pain in a tooth site area that is not dental or periodontal in origin may be difficult to diagnose and treat. Successful management of non-odontogenic pain complaints is inherently dependent on taking a detailed 'pain history'. Treatments that are irreversible and potentially harmful to the underlying dentoalveolar structures must be avoided when the diagnosis is uncertain. Information gleaned from the pain history usually provides a provisional or working diagnosis, and this diagnosis must later be confirmed by specific testing (based on response to medication trials, imaging, laboratory tests, etc.). Patients who suffer from chronic pain conditions are likely to show comorbidity with other pain problems (e.g., neuropathic pain with background muscle discomfort or temporomandibular disorders and headache problems). Thus, in more complex patients, the various elements that comprise the chronic pain condition must be identified and managed, for adequate resolution of the symptoms.