Fetal alcohol syndrome and pyloric stenosis: alcohol induced or an association?

We report a newborn with fetal alcohol syndrome with severe feeding intolerance and failure to thrive due to pyloric stenosis. This illustrates the importance of early recognition of pyloric stenosis in fetal alcohol syndrome to improve nutrition and growth. We speculate that pyloric stenosis in neonates results from the absence or immaturity of intrinsic nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons in the pyloric muscle in children of alcohol-addicted mothers.