Hand ischemia.

Hand ischemia is an uncommon, but potentially catastrophic, clinical entity. The large number of etiologic factors and lack of universal agreement regarding treatment have created a confusing clinical situation. Diagnosis is most frequently made by a detailed history and physical examination. Both invasive and noninvasive tests are employed for diagnosis and in planning treatment. Growing experience and improved surgical techniques have enabled vascular surgeons to deal more effectively with the ischemic hand.