Predictors of stroke, myocardial infarction, and venous thromboembolism within 30 days of partial mastectomy.

BACKGROUND

Partial mastectomy is generally considered low risk, yet rare thrombotic complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and pulmonary embolism (PE) may still occur. This study identified independent predictors of these events within 30 days of surgery.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database from 2018 to 2022. Patients undergoing partial mastectomy (CPT 19301) were analyzed. Univariable screening was followed by outcome-specific multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS

Among 81,318 patients, postoperative stroke occurred in 0.032%, MI in 0.034%, and PE in 0.047%. Increasing age and higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification were associated with both stroke and MI, while diabetes independently increased stroke risk. Pulmonary embolism was associated with longer operative time, higher body mass index, and impaired functional status.

CONCLUSION

Although thrombotic complications after partial mastectomy are rare, identifiable patient and operative factors meaningfully influence risk and may guide perioperative risk stratification.