Antibacterial Activity, Antiadherence Activity, Antioxidant Activity, and Molecular Docking Analysis of Arab Rose (Rosa Damascena) Extract on Periodontopathic Bacteria: Porphyromonas Gingivalis and Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans - An In vitro Study.

INTRODUCTION: Rosa damascena extracts were prepared, and their antibacterial and antibiofilm assays were investigated against two different periodontopathic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). The aim was to determine whether the extracts could restrict the growth of these dental pathogens and to investigate the molecular docking between the myricetin of flower extracts and virulence proteins of dental pathogens.

MATERIALS AND METHOD: The antibacterial activity of ethanol and methanol extracts of Rosa damascena was determined using the standard agar well diffusion method. Among them, methanol extracts showed more activity against dental pathogens. Methanol extracts (300 and 400 μg/mL) showed inhibitory zones of about 13.3 ± 1.05 mm and 16.3 ± 1.05 mm against Porphyromonas gingivalis; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans showed inhibitory zones of about 13.9 ± 0.57 and 15.3 ± 1.05 mm.

RESULT: Minimum inhibitory concentration studies revealed that 400 μg/mL of methanol extracts inhibited the turbid growth in the broth tubes. Antiadherence test results showed that Rosa damascena extracts reduced the number of organisms adhering to the glass specimens against the test cultures significantly. The molecular docking report revealed -2.53 kcal/mol of binding energy between myricetin and mfa1 of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Myricetin and target protein, cdtA of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans revealed a binding energy of -3.46 kcal/mol.

CONCLUSION: These findings conclude that Rosa damascena extracts can be considered an additive in natural antidental biofilm oral health products.