[Total Aortic Arch Replacement after a Prior Ascending Aortic Replacement].

Surgeries for non-dissected aortic arch diseases have been performed with increasing frequency in recent years. Accordingly, the awareness of the pitfalls in reoperation after a previous ascending aortic replacement is needed. Indications for redo total aortic arch replacement after a prior ascending aortic replacement include pseudoaneurysm formation at the distal anastomosis site and newly developed aortic arch aneurysms. At reoperation, we should take the assurance of safety during re-sternotomy into consideration. Cannulation sites should be strategically selected. The radiologic features of the high-risk re-sternotomy include a close approximation( <5 mm) between the sternum and the aorta or the previously placed vascular prosthesis and a presence of pseudoaneurysm underneath the sternum. In such cases, it is reasonable to establish partial cardiopulmonary bypass and selective cerebral perfusion via bilateral carotid artery cannulation prior to sternotomy to avoid disastrous neurological complications. Adhesions around a previously placed vascular prosthesis with innominate vein or main pulmonary artery can be troublesome;thus, care must be taken so as not to injure the surrounding vital organs. Liberal employment of hypothermia can be life-saving by preserving brain, heart and other vital end-organs at the expense of prolonged procedure time.