Seven previously undescribed steroidal alkaloids from the fruit of Solanum nigrum L. and their biological activities.

Phytochemical studies of ripe berries of Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) led to the identification of seven previously undescribed steroidal alkaloids and four known ones. Structural elucidation was primarily based on NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR spectroscopy, and GC analysis following acid hydrolysis. The cytotoxic activities of the seven compounds were assessed using a cytotoxicity assay against the A549 cell line. Anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by measuring their effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Results showed that compounds 3 and 4 inhibited NO production at a concentration of 160 μM. All seven compounds exhibited certain cytotoxic effects against A549 cells.