Roles of FGF8 subfamily in embryogenesis and oral‑maxillofacial diseases (Review).

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are diffusible polypeptides released by a variety of cell types. FGF8 subfamily members regulate embryonic development processes through controlling progenitor cell growth and differentiation, and are also functional in adults in tissue repair to maintain tissue homeostasis. FGF8 family members exhibit unique binding affinities with FGF receptors and tissue distribution patterns. Increasing evidence suggests that, by regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways, alterations in the FGF8 subfamily are involved in craniofacial development, odontogenesis, tongue development and salivary gland branching morphogenesis. Aberrant FGF signaling transduction, caused by mutations as well as abnormal expression or isoform splicing, plays an important role in the development of oral diseases. Targeting FGF8 subfamily members provides a new promising strategy for the treatment of oral diseases. The aim of this review was to summarize the aberrant regulations of FGF8 subfamily members and their potential implications in oral‑maxillofacial diseases.