Perovskite oxides for electrocatalytic nitrogen/carbon fixation.

The electrochemical conversion of carbon and nitrogen species provides a sustainable way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and address reactive nitrogen pollution. Perovskite oxides have shown broad application prospects in the field of electrocatalytic carbon/nitrogen fixation attributable to their tunable electronic structure, abundant oxygen vacancies and low cost. Their inherent ability to regulate electronic structure, defect states, and surface coordination environment enables them to selectively activate and convert inert molecules under mild conditions. This paper systematically reviews the progress of perovskite oxides in the field of electrocatalytic carbon/nitrogen fixation in recent years, with special emphasis on effective design strategies, including doping engineering, defect engineering, heterostructures and crystal face engineering. In addition, this work deeply analyzes the main challenges currently faced and proposes prospects for future development directions, including the precise design of high-performance catalysts, in-depth analysis of reaction mechanisms, stability improvement strategies, and the development of large-scale application technologies. By multidisciplinary cross-integration, perovskite oxide electrocatalysis technology holds great potential to contribute to carbon neutrality and green chemical synthesis, providing innovative solutions for sustainable development.