A new alkaloid and five known compounds from Portulaca oleracea L. and their anti-inflammatory activities.

A new alkaloid, identified (R,Z)-2-hydroxy-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-diimino-4,5-dihydro-9H-1,3,6-trioxonin-9-one, named oleracimine C (1), together with five known compounds, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2), 2-piperidone (3), thymidine (4), 5-hydroxypicolinic acid (5), 7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (6), were successfully derived from Portulaca oleracea L. The structures of the compounds were successfully elucidated via NMR, CD, and UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS methods. Furthermore, the findings indicated that compounds 1, 3, 4 can possess the ability to suppress the release of nitric oxide, an inflammatory factor, and demonstrate substantial anti-inflammatory effects.