Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2025
Gastroprotective effects of Heracleum persicum hydroethanolic extract against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats via suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Malekinasab Amirhosein, Hoseinpour Fatemeh, Hashemnia Mohammad
Аннотация
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Heracleum persicum, traditionally used as a "warm-natured" stomach tonic, is widely employed in Persian ethnomedicine to relieve gastric discomfort, dyspepsia, and ulcers. Despite its long history of use, pharmacological evidence for its gastroprotective potential has remained unexplored.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the gastroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of the hydroethanolic extract of H. persicum in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The extract was prepared by maceration in 70 % ethanol and phytochemically characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups (n = 7): Control (normal saline), Ethanol (normal saline + ethanol), Ethanol + Vitamin C (250 mg/kg), Ethanol + H. persicum 50 mg/kg, and Ethanol + H. persicum 100 mg/kg. Treatments were administered orally for 14 days. On day 15, all groups except Control received absolute ethanol and were euthanized after 4 h. Ulcer index, gastric pH, histopathology, immunohistochemistry (p53, Bcl-2), and oxidative stress markers were evaluated.
RESULTS: Pretreatment with H. persicum increased gastric pH and reduced ulcer index, it also attenuated oxidative stress (reduced MDA, TOS, OSI; increased TAC) and modulated apoptosis-related markers (↓p53, ↑Bcl-2). GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses revealed several bioactive furanocoumarins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids consistent with the observed antioxidant and cytoprotective activities.
CONCLUSION: H. persicum exhibited potent gastroprotection against ethanol-induced ulcers through antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and mucosal defense mechanisms supporting its traditional use and potential as a natural gastroprotective agent.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the gastroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of the hydroethanolic extract of H. persicum in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The extract was prepared by maceration in 70 % ethanol and phytochemically characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups (n = 7): Control (normal saline), Ethanol (normal saline + ethanol), Ethanol + Vitamin C (250 mg/kg), Ethanol + H. persicum 50 mg/kg, and Ethanol + H. persicum 100 mg/kg. Treatments were administered orally for 14 days. On day 15, all groups except Control received absolute ethanol and were euthanized after 4 h. Ulcer index, gastric pH, histopathology, immunohistochemistry (p53, Bcl-2), and oxidative stress markers were evaluated.
RESULTS: Pretreatment with H. persicum increased gastric pH and reduced ulcer index, it also attenuated oxidative stress (reduced MDA, TOS, OSI; increased TAC) and modulated apoptosis-related markers (↓p53, ↑Bcl-2). GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses revealed several bioactive furanocoumarins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids consistent with the observed antioxidant and cytoprotective activities.
CONCLUSION: H. persicum exhibited potent gastroprotection against ethanol-induced ulcers through antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and mucosal defense mechanisms supporting its traditional use and potential as a natural gastroprotective agent.