[The design and practical use of vaccines for the preventions of pressing viral infections].

The paper presents data on the design and practical medical use of vaccines for the prevention of urgent viral infections, including those against poliomyelitis (oral poliomyelitis vaccine), tick-borne encephalitis, hepatitis A, rabies, and enteroviris 71. It shows the basic lines in the improvement of manufacture and biological control of vaccines and in the development of a new vaccine for prevention of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome.