Selective electrodialysis for simultaneous but separate phosphate and ammonium recovery.

Nutrients were extracted from digester supernatant sampled from a full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) wastewater treatment plant. A four-compartment selectrodialysis setup was used to extract ammonium and phosphate in two separate compartments. The initial phosphate recovery rate was measured to be 0.072 mmol m-2 s-1 and the initial ammonium recovery rate was measured to be 1.31 mmol m-2 s-1. The ammonium recovery rate was 18 times higher than that for phosphate, whereas the molar concentration of ammonium in the feed was 10 times higher than that of phosphate. An average recovery of 72 ± 1% and 90 ± 10% for ammonium and phosphate was observed after 3 h of operation. A monovalent anion selective (MVA) membrane was used to avoid ammonium and reduce the concentration of monovalent anions in the phosphorus stream. The pH in the phosphorus stream was kept at 10 so phosphate did not pass the MVA membrane. A membrane area of 26 m2 per m3 digester supernatant was required to recover 70% of phosphate and ammonium for the digester supernatant that contained 6 mM phosphate and 105 mM ammonium.