Spontaneous vertebral artery dissection as a complication of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) may be associated with a variety of cardiovascular complications, including intracranial saccular aneurysms. In ADPKD, intracranial saccular aneurysms tend to rupture more frequently and earlier than the sporadic variety with a tendency to cluster in families. In contrast, dissecting intracranial aneurysms are rarely associated with either intracranial saccular aneurysms or ADPKD. We describe an ADPKD-1 patient whose course was complicated by a spontaneous dissection of a vertebral artery aneurysm. This particular patient had previously experienced three episodes of ascending aortic dissection with cystic medial necrosis. Intracranial vascular and aneurysmal dissection may occur in select ADPKD patients with familial clusters.