[Acute flaccid paralysis after drug injection: a case report in the pediatric service of the Befelatanana Hospital Center in Antananarivo].

In the framework of the poliomyelitis program eradication, the World Health Organization suggests two markers to survey the circulation of the poliovirus: notification of all cases of acute flask paralysis (AFP) and etiological research of these AFP from two stool samples. The authors reported the case of a AFP, occurring after a polio vaccination in a 5-year-old boy who had later an acute rhinopharyngitis treated by antibiotics and quinine intramuscular injections. A left lower limb AFP justified his hospitalisation. The isolation of a Sabin type 3 poliovirus was a pitfall because clinical and complementary investigations demonstrate a peripheral neuromuscular paralysis. This demonstrative case shows the need for health staff to be trained to perform correctly an usual act like intramuscular drug injections.