Ectopic production of β-hCG by osteosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Ectopic production of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) by nontrophoblastic tumors has been reported but mostly in carcinomas. We report a case of an adolescent female patient with a epithelioid osteosarcoma that was discovered to secrete β-hCG after routine pregnancy testing. Immunohistochemical staining of her primary tumor biopsy demonstrated immunoreactivity for β-hCG. Levels of serum β-hCG were monitored throughout her therapy and demonstrated normalization with effective systemic therapy and local control. She remains disease free 6 months off therapy, with undetectable hormone levels. A review of the available literature on β-hCG production by sarcomas is also presented.